A gsm network consists of several functional entities, whose functions and interfaces are defined. Gsm is a digital wireless communication technology used for mobiles. Exist an increase in the network capacity, tariffs reduction and the first sms services. The radio access network changed considerably as a completely new radio interface was used based around the use of cdma. Gsm uses digital communication system or dcs 1800 and. The gsm contains most of the necessary capabilities to support packet transmission over gsm. Strictly defined interface determines how the functions are proceeding in the network and which functions are implemented internally by. Multiple users occupying the same band by having different codes is known as cdma code division multiple access system let w spread bandwidth in hz r 1tb date rate s received power of the desired signal in w j received power for undesired signals like multiple access users, multipath. It is made of many small units working in a harmonious way. A design of the codedivision multiple access cdma cellular system architecture is presented. The gsm architecture consists of multiple network elements.
To better understand the gsm architecture, divide all the units in four categories. This is achieved by a specific but complex mathematical function. Gsm architecture notes introduction to gsm architecture. Gprs network in 3g is similar to that of the 2g gsm network. It is a standard initially created to solve the incompatibility of the 1g cellular systems and equipments in europe. Gsm and cdma are the most successful cell phone technologies present in. Gsm is generally utilized mobile correspondence framework on the planet. Etsi smg developed with gsm global system for mobile communications a secondgeneration digital cellular radio access technology for europe that became a worldwide success and that is still operating today. Difference between gsm and cdma the worlds renowned mobile phone network technologies are gsm global system for mobile communication and cdma code division multiple access. On comparing both the technologies gsm has some limitation when the call quality is concerned but still has. The basic difficulty in developing sms based services is the variety of protocols used in sms centers.
Cdma architecture cell breathing cdma is a noisegenerated technology. The bts transmits and receives radio signals, realizing communication between the radio system and the mobile station. Gsm owns a market share of more than 70 percent of the worlds digital cellular subscribers. Study these interview mcq questions and answers on 3g umts cdma2000 cdma network architecture and interfaces. Wcdma including the ran radio access network and the cn core network. The gsm standard does not include the 3g universal mobile telecommunications system umts code division multiple access cdma technology nor the 4g lte orthogonal frequencydivision multiple access ofdma technology standards issued by the 3gpp. Etsi 2g global system for mobile communication gsm. Technically gsm global system for mobile communications, originally from groupe special mobile. The ran is used to process all the radiorelated functions, while the cn is used to process all voice calls and data connections within the umts system, and implements the function of external network switching and routing. It is used in cellular communication similar to gsm and is a second generation and third generation standard for mobile networks.
This basic tutorial on gsm architecture also covers gsm burst types, gsm frame structure, gsm channels, gsm physical layer and so on. Gsm operates on the mobile communication bands 900 mhz and 1800 mhz in most parts of the world. In this article we will have a discussion on what is gsm and cdma. Cdma in general uses digital encoding and spreadspectrum techniques to. February, 28th 2005 overview in this document i make a study of third mobiles generation systems. The umts architecture takes advantage of the existing gsm and gprs networks which serve as a core network in umts infrastructure. Global system for mobile communication gsm definition global system for mobile communication gsm is a globally accepted standard for digital cellular communication. Cdma network architecture consists of following elements. A gsm architecture is a complex structure to understand. Cdma benefits increased voice capacity by several times provided more efficient use of spectrum resources increased battery life in mobile devices better security with cdma encoding cdma is the foundation for mobile 3g technologies potential voice capacity improvements1 reference 1x 3x 14x analog 1980s gsm 1990s cdmaone 1990s. Gsm uses digital communication system or dcs 1800 and is the worlds main 2g standard. Gsm gsm full form is global system for mobile communication. Gsm global system for mobile communication and cdma code division multiple access are two dominant technologies for mobile communication.
Irving2,b 1 department of computer science, federal university lafia, nasarawa state, nigeria 2 department of computing, engineering and technology, university of sunderland, sunderland, sr6 0dd, united kingdom. The applications may be any or all of the following. Contents gsmintroduction gsm services architecture security in gsm characteristics of gsm standard advantages of gsm future of gsm 3. Cdma systems are equipment with a protocol that allows the system to adjust in these situations. Gsm case study is part of a series of telecommunication case studies. Gsm operates on the 900 mhz, 1800 mhz and 1900 mhz. W cdma specifications originate from the 3gpp radio access network ran groupof 3gpp and were frozen in release 99. Wcdma specifications originate from the 3gpp radio access network ran groupof 3gpp and were frozen in release 99. The ms is the mobile subscriber equipment, which can originate and receive calls and communicate with the bts. It was the combination of these two network elements that provided the basis for the 3g umts network architecture.
A 3g mobile network offers good download and upload speeds. Gsm and cdma spectrum frequencies the cdma network operates in the frequency spectrum of cdma 850 mhz and 1900 mhz while the gsm network operates in the frequency spectrum of gsm 850 mhz and 1900 mhz. Two second generation cellular systems are currently being deployed. Cdma network architecture consists of following elements mobile station ms. These functions and interfaces are explained in this chapter. Pdf the ability to communicate with the people on move has expanded a lot by. These occupy frequency bands near 900 and 1900 mhz at the higher band, they are known commercially as pcs. Ims architecture the te ser eipment perspective spirent 4. Gsm is a circuitswitched system that divides each 200 khz channel into eight 25 khz timeslots. Architecture of the gsm system gsm is a plmn public land mobile network several providers setup mobile networks following the gsm standard within each country gsm system comprises 3 subsystems rss radio subsystem. Application service provision wasp is a recent, interesting service architecture for providing sms based services.
Architecture du cdma, principe des codes walsh et pn pseudo noise, architecture cdma, avantages et limites du cdma, multiplexage cdma, comparaison cdma vs tdma. Evolutionary analysis of gsm, umts and lte mobile network. Global system for mobile gsm is asecond generation cellular standarddeveloped to cater voice services and datadelivery using digital modulation. Network architecture based on the dualstack solution. Gsm definition,history,architecture and how gsm communication works. This gsm tutorial covers gsm basics, gsm architecture and gsm system features. Gsm global system for mobile communications is a most popular wireless communication system around the word for mobile technology communication. These two technologies differ in the way calls and data travel over the mobile phone networks. Gsm explain gsm architecture with a neat block diagram. Pdf architectural design of a code division multiple access. Gsm etsi, cdmaone ansi and tdma digital version of amps.
This is a worldwide standard for digital cellular telephony. Base level umts networks are generally capable of downlink speeds as 384 kbps. At first i will center the study in the objectives and main characteristic of this generation. It is the most secure mode of communication because of its spread spectrum property. In second and third generation wireless communication a. Introduction two second generation cellular systems are currently being deployed the global system for mobile communications gsm and the code division multiple access cdma systems.
Over time this system was further evolved under the umbrella acronym geran gsmedge radio access network. The additional components of the gsm architecture comprise of databases and messaging systems functions. In order that the gsm system operates together as a complete system, the overall network architecture brings together a series of data network identities, each with several elements. Gsm utilizes the code division multiple access cdma concept, rather than. The chapter discusses gsm frequency bands, the gsm public land mobile network plmn and its objectives and services, gsm architecture and gsm subsystem entities, interfaces, and protocols between gsm. Gsm standard still evolving and improved with new features and services. Gsm stands for the global system for mobile communications. In the us, sprint, verizon, and us cellular use cdma. Umts works on wcdma, cdma2000 and tdscdma implementations by 3gpp. Gsm is the name of a standardization group established in 1982 to create a common european mobile telephone standard. Gsm technology was developed by europe in1982 but its massive deployment started in 1992.
When the fcc issued 1900 mhz to pcs in the united states it was based on gsm. Oct 25, 2016 learn practical telco interview tips and suggestion, practical overview for telecommunications, bts, bsc, hlr, vlr, eir, auc basics information more video. Pdf gsmglobal system for mobile communication thanks and. Developed and maintained by the 3gpp 3rd generation partnership project, umts is a component of the international telecommunications union imt2000 standard set and compares with the cdma2000 standard set for networks based on the competing cdmaone. The critical part in the gprs network is the mobile to gsn mssgsn link which includes the msbts, btsbsc, bscsgsn, and the sgsnggsn link. Wcdma wide band code division multiple access umts before we talk about 4g or gsm. Universal integrated circuit card uicc each ue includes a uicc, a smart card that contains one or more applications. The universal mobile telecommunications system umts is a third generation mobile cellular system for networks based on the gsm standard.
Dual ruim that allow for use in both gsm and cdma units. The additional of packet data with gprs required additional network entities to be added. Umts makes use of wcdma, a technology that shares much with cdma networks used throughout the world, though it is not compatible with them. Irving2,b 1 department of computer science, federal university lafia, nasarawa state, nigeria 2 department of computing, engineering and technology, university of. Gsm and cdma are competing wireless technologies with gsm enjoying about an 82% market share globally. The global system for mobile communications gsm which is a standard for 2g second generation cellular networks has created an avenue for the development of 3g third generation and 4g fourth generation cellular network standards such as universal mobile telecommunications system umts and long term evolution lte. Mar 31, 20 contents gsmintroduction gsm services architecture security in gsm characteristics of gsm standard advantages of gsm future of gsm 3. To much noise will cause interference leading to degraded service or dropped calls. Architecture arm risc based processor conceived in the 80s android first utilized arm in 2008 since 2008, 190 million android devices shipped with arm great performance with low power costs nvidia tegra 3 4 arm cortex a9 cores at 1. They are digital systems with technical outposts for use the radio electric spectrum and with improved roaming capacities. Developed and maintained by the 3gpp 3rd generation partnership project, umts is a component of the international telecommunications union imt2000 standard set and compares with the cdma2000 standard set for networks based on the competing.
As such the system must monitor its noise floor or ambient noise. Wcdma is a wideband directsequence code division multiple access dscdma system user information bits are spread over a wide bandwidth by multiplying user data with quasirandom bits called chips derived from cdma spreading codes. The gsm system can be separated into three extensive divisions. Clinical document architecture for exchange ehr between different hospitals. Gsm is the short form of global system for mobile communications. Umts uses a core network derived from that of gsm, ensuring backward compatibility of services and allowing seamless handover between gsm access technology and w cdma. Strictly defined interface determines how the functions are proceeding in the network and which functions are implemented internally by the network element. Global system for mobile communication gsm is a globally accepted standard.
The network operator observes and maintains network quality and service offered through the nms. From 1991 to 2000 allows txt msg service signal must be strong or else weak digital signal 2. Gsm, for the first time, set a common standard for europe for wireless networks. Originally, it operates in the 900 mhz band, but subsequently the 1. Learn practical telco interview tips and suggestion, practical overview for telecommunications, bts, bsc, hlr, vlr, eir, auc basics information more video. Pdf gsm means global system for mobile communication. This tutorial provides an introduction to basic gsm concepts, specifications. Evolutionary analysis of gsm, umts and lte mobile network architectures paschal a.
Basic module of gsm communication and circuit of gsm modem. Gsm standard still evolving and improved with new features. Subscriber identity module sim identity information used by a gsm network. Dcs 1900 is considered the gsm standard for north america and is called north american gsm.
These two technologies differ in the way calls and data travel over the mobile phone networks take place. Cdma uses spreadspectrum technology to minimize the problems. This is the most widely used digital communication technology of today. In 2000, gsm become very popular technology worldwide. The mobile station ms the base station subsystem bss the network switching subsystem nss the operation support subsystem oss given below is a simple pictorial view of the gsm architecture.
You must know wcdma which stands for wide band code division multiple access. Using spreadspectrum technology allows for the signals to be transmitted over a wide spectrum of the electromagnetic spectrum. Operator may obtain different network components form different suppliers. The ran is used to process all the radiorelated functions, while the cn is used to process all voice calls and data connections within the umts system, and implements the function of. The gsm network architecture is defined in the gsm specifications and it can be grouped into four main areas. Wcdma is a wideband directsequence code division multiple access ds cdma system user information bits are spread over a wide bandwidth by multiplying user data with quasirandom bits called chips derived from cdma spreading codes. Umts network is called a third generation network 3g. The base station architecture is based on a universal platform that can support cdma and other cellular standards such as amps and tdma in the same base.
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